Mahmoud v. Taylor: the Pride Puppy Case

by Chris Gilbert, Thompson & Horton LLP

On April 22, 2025, the Supreme Court heard oral argument in Mahmoud v. Taylor, a case from the Fourth Circuit about whether parents have a constitutional right to opt out of public school curriculum choices with which they disagree, in this case because of the parents’ religious beliefs.

At issue was the school district’s decision to use a series of LGBTQ-themed books, including a book called “Pride Puppy,” which (in the words of the court of appeals), depicts a family whose puppy gets lost amidst a LGBTQ-pride parade, with each page focused on a letter of the alphabet. The three- and four-year-old audience is invited to look for items such as “[drag] king,” “leather,” “lip ring,” “[drag] queen,” and “underwear.”  See 102 F.4th 191, 197 (4th Cir. 2024).  The parent plaintiffs claimed they were not challenging the school’s ability to adopt the curriculum…

Counterman v. Colorado: Changing how the Courts View the “True Threat” Doctrine

Last week the Supreme Court issued its decision in Counterman v. Colorado, changing how the courts will interpret the “true threat” doctrine moving forward.  Counterman involved a Colorado man who was cyberstalking a local singer, and sent her hundreds of Facebook messages over a two year period.  Some were weird or borderline creepy (he once asked her “I am going to the store would you like anything?”, even though they did not really know each other), but others threatened violence (“You're not being good for human relations. Die.”).  The singer tried to block Counterman repeatedly, but he would just create new Facebook accounts and send new messages.  The messages had a significant impact on the singer’s mental health.

Counterman was eventually convicted of violating what amounted to a state anti-stalking law.  Counterman argued that he could not be prosecuted because his Facebook messages did not constitute “true threats,” and therefore…